Grundy County

            Grundy County was established in 1844 and was named in honor of Felix Grundy, a Virginian who migrated to Tennessee and served in both the U. S. House and U. S. Senate and was Attorney General under President Martin Van Buren. The city of Altamont is the county seat. One of the major natural resources in the county is coal and it has benefited the county’s economic history since the mid nineteenth century. The county is also home to notable landmarks such as the Beersheba Springs historic resort area and the Highlander Folk School, a school that was initially a training facility for labor organizations but it became famous for its promotion of civil rights and the training of civil right leaders. Grundy County has five Century Farms and the oldest is the Elk River Sartain Farm that was founded in 1846. For more information regarding Grundy County, please go to the Tennessee Encyclopedia of History & Culture website.

For a brief historical sketch of each farm, click on the farm name.

Elk River Sartain Farm

Jim Burnett Farm

L. H. Burnett Farm

T. L. Sissom Farm

White Family Farm

The following map is for a general geographical understanding. It does not provide the specific locations of the farms because of privacy reasons.

Grundy County Map

Map courtesy of Carole Swann, Tennessee Department of Agriculture

Elk River Sartain Farm

Marshall Sartain

            Located three miles northeast of Pelham, the Elk River Sartain Farm contributed to the success of the Tennessee Farm Demonstration program of the 1930s. The property dates to 1846, when James and Rebecca Brown Sartain moved from Missouri to homestead in Tennessee. James had been a veterinarian in Missouri before moving to his Elk River Farm of 231 acres. He enjoyed the region’s abundant hunting and trapping and his farm yielded corn, horses, cattle and swine. Founders of the Bethel Church, James and Rebecca were the parents of six children.

            James Sartain operated the family land until 1910. His son, James Sartain, Jr. obtained the farm in 1912 and made many improvements. Purchasing 143 acres of land, James, Jr., “cleared and drained” this property, “tore down the old log house and replaced it with a two story frame house” and “built three barns.” He and his wife Mary Hargis had eight children and the family raised corn, hay, barley, oats, swine, cattle, horses and sheep. When government officials established the Unit Test Demonstration Farm Program in 1935, they designated the Elk River Sartain Farm as one of their demonstration centers.

            In 1941, the current owners acquired the entire farm. John, the founders’ grandson, was the manager and in 1976, Gene Myers worked the farm, raising hay, corn, cattle and swine. Today, the owner is Marshall Sartain.

Jim Burnett Farm

James Burnett

            The Farmers Alliance was the most significant agrarian organization of the nineteenth century. Established in the late 1800s and early 1890s, the Alliance combined agrarian education in progressive farming techniques with innovative ideas of marketing farm commodities so that southern farmers, both black and white, could better enjoy the benefits of their labor. Best known by the name of the Populist Party, the political arm of the Alliance, the organization wielded tremendous influence on the course of Tennessee politics in the late nineteenth century. The Burnett Farm of Grundy County is one of the few Century Farms to provide information about the Farmers Alliance.

            John Burnett purchased 82 acres in 1870 and established the Burnett family farm, which is approximately one mile east of Pelham. Burnett and his wife Martha Jane Rust had nine children and managed a diversified farm. The family raised cotton for clothing, corn, wheat, cattle and swine for food and horses for transportation. A member of the Grundy County Court, John also “helped build and maintain the early roads in the community.”

            The second generation owner was Johnny Burnett and his wife Jennie Wilson. By purchasing shares in the family farm from his brothers and sisters and buying 36 additional acres of land, Johnny established a farm of 152 acres. An active member of the Farmers Alliance, Burnett produced corn, wheat, sugar cane, hay and livestock.

L. H. Burnett Farm

L. H. Burnett

            Descendents of John Burnett also owned the L. H. Burnett Farm, located one and a half miles east of Pelham. The current owners share a common history with the Jim Burnett Farm, but their traditions add some interesting details to the family’s history. For instance, John Burnett, a local justice of the peace, designed his home with his duties in mind. “When he built his new home,” the family remembers, “he left no connecting door between the living room and kitchen. This was to protect the women folk of the family from any contact by sight or sound with the persons” on trial before Squire Burnett. The second generation owner, Johnny Burnett, operated a sorghum mill and raised mules for sale at “Mule Day” in Manchester. According to the family, “it was the task of the Burnett sons, not only to break the young mules to work and ride, they also had to ride them the 18 miles to Manchester on the day of the sale.”

            In 1950, L. H. Burnett, a grandson of the founder, acquired ten acres of original farm. He now manages 52 acres and his cousin Gene Myers sharecrops the land, raising corn, wheat and soybeans. His wife Gladys Burnett is the Pelham postmaster. Chairman of the Grundy County Commission, L. H. represents “the same area his grandfather served over one hundred years ago.”

T. L. Sissom Farm

Thomas Layne Sissom

            Four miles south of Viola is the Sissom Farm, established by William Wooten in 1868. This property may date to 1816 but the documents on file are vague and the family has designated the later date as most reliable. On his 137 acres, William practiced general agriculture and at one time owned 40 head of swine, 45 head of cattle and 33 sheep. His son James B. Wooten acquired 55 acres of the farm in 1893. He married Eudora Winton and fathered four children. Little is known about the farming operations during James’ ownership except that he grew wheat.

            The farm’s third owner was Charlie F. Wooten and his wife Ethel Layne, who operated the farm through the middle decades of the twentieth century. After Charlie’s death in 1966, Ethel managed the land for the next seventeen years, growing hay and corn. In 1984, the farm acquired its current owner, Thomas Layne Sissom, who is the founder’s great nephew. Sissom has a sharecropping arrangement with W. B. Hoover and his farm yields wheat and soybeans.

White Family Farm

Charles Emmett White

            Before the 1850s, Robert Gilbert White and Malinda Lowe established the White Family Farm that is located in Grundy County. The couple had seven children and raised corn and cattle on their 200 acres. During the Civil War, their sons Robert G. and John W. served in the Confederate Army. In addition, their son Walter White was a drummer boy and was killed at the age of 15 at the Battle of Missionary Ridge.

            In 1855, Charles T. White, the son of the founder, acquired the land. Charles’s wife was Mary C. Elliott White, a descendent of Scotch-Irish Elliotts who migrated from Virginia to Tennessee. In addition to managing the farm, the Whites were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church where Charles served as a class leader, a steward and a trustee. Also, he was a member of the Felix Grundy Lodge in the nearby community of Pelham.

            Charles and Mary had eight children and their son Charles Walter White became the next owner. During his ownership, a farm house was constructed by slave labor. The clay for the bricks was dug from the red clay banks on the farm and burned near the side of the house. While Charles managed the farm, he also was a “local peddler who bought goods such as chickens, eggs and butter from local households.” These items were then places in a horse drawn covered wagon and taken to the Miners’ Company Store in Tracy City, Tennessee. At the store, Charles exchanged his goods for such items as coffee, candy, matches and sugar.

            Charles’s son, Emmette Milton White, became the next owner of the farm. During the 1930s, Emmette and his brother Homer established a rock crusher on the land. They used the crusher to crush lime to sell to farmers to build up the soil in the area. In 1967, fire destroyed the original brick home. Some of the bricks from the original house were saved and the bricks were used to construct a fireplace in the new home in 1981. Emmette and his wife Elsie Dell Haynes had two children and their son Charles Emmett White became the current owner in 1998.

            Today, Charles, his wife Janice Burnett White and their daughters cultivate corn, wheat, soybeans, hay and pasture. In addition, they raise cattle and horses.